Percentage Formula & Mathematical Calculations
A percentage represents a fraction of 100. Learn the basic percentage equation, percentage change formulas, and practical real-world applications.
1. General Percentage Formula
Percentage (%) = ( Part / Total ) × 100
Where Part is the portion being measured, and Total represents the whole quantity.
2. Percentage Change (Increase / Decrease)
Percentage Change (%) = [ ( New Value - Original Value ) / Original Value ] × 100
If the result is positive, it is a percentage increase. If negative, it represents a percentage reduction.
Step-by-Step Practical Example
Scenario: You score 45 marks out of a maximum of 60 on an exam. What is your score percentage?
- Part = 45
- Total = 60
- Calculation: ( 45 / 60 ) × 100 = 0.75 × 100 = 75%